GPS接收机在探月高速再入返回中的应用

在我国探月工程3期高速再入返回飞行任务中，惯性导航单元（IMU）为主要的导航敏感器.针对惯性器件误差累积特性引起测量误差恶化问题，提出了一种适用于高速再入返回场景、轻小型化、快速定位的GPS接收机，可与IMU数据融合实现轨道误差修正.飞行验证结果表明:GPS接收机在轨道高度4 911.3 km处实现首次定位，飞行过程中有效定位时间达16 min，两次穿越大气层中"黑障"区域.精度评估结果表明，GPS接收机位置均方根误差为3.67 m:速度均方根误差为0.19 m/s.该GPS接收机满足探月高速再入返回飞行任务要求，也可应用于中低轨道微小卫星和深空再入返回航天器. 

Application of the GPS Receiver in Circumlunar High-Speed Re-Entry Spacecraft

Inertial navigation unit (IMU) was used as the main navigation sensor in the 3rd Stage of China Lunar Exploration Program in China. A light-weight, miniaturization and fast positioning GPS receiver suitable for high speed re-entry capsule was developed. It effectively solved the poor accuracy problem of IMU long-term error accumulation, with fusion of GPS data and IMU data. Flight results indicate that navigation result was first given by GPS receiver at 4 911.3 km orbital altitude. The effective positioning time lasts 16 min. There are two times through the black barrier area in the atmosphere. Evaluated results indicate that root mean square error of position is less than 3.67 m, and root mean square error of velocity is less than 0.19 m/s. The GPS receiver meets the high-speed re-entry flight requirements. It is feasible for application of medium or low orbit micro satellites and deep space re-entry spacecraft.