清末新军建设述评

从20世纪中国军队近代化的宏观角度看,清末新军建设不仅编练了一支新型的近代化军代,而且带来了中国军事制度的根本性变革,堪称中国军事近代化的肇端.但从清王朝练军自求的微观角度看,新军却变成了王朝的掘墓了,不能说新军建设不是一次惨重的失败.封建主义的国家机体难以移植资本主义的军事制度;落后的农业经济承受不起近代化军队建设的重负;动荡的末代政局无法保障军制改革和军队建设的顺利进行,是新军建设失败的3个重要原因.

Review of Construction of the New Army in the Late Qing Dynasty

From the macroscopic viewpoint of the construction of Chinese army in the 20th century,construction of the New Army in the later Qing Dynasty not only formed a contemporary new army, but also brought about the radical changes of Chinese military system, so that it was the beginning of military modernization in China. From the microscopic viewpoint of the construction of Chinese for self defense, however,the New Army became the gravedigger of the Qing Dynasty, it can be hardly denied that its construction is a catastrophe. The three major causes of the failure included that the military system in capitalist countries could not be transplanted to the feudal China;the cost of military modernization could not be afforded by the backward agricultural economy and the unstable political conditions could not ensure the smooth operation of the military reform and construction either.