柔性曲柄摇杆机构的动力学分析及实验研究

针对柔性四杆机构中的曲柄摇杆机构，运用有限元方法建立了机构的瞬时动力学模型；采用运动弹性动力简化方法对该时变参数动力学问题进行了分析，并将考虑连杆和摇杆柔性时的计算结果和刚性计算结果进行了对比，定性地给出了影响理论计算精度的一些主要因素．通过对相同材料、结构所进行的实验，验证了理论建模过程的可行性和动力学分析结果的正确性．研究结果表明：当转速较低时，连杆和摇杆的柔性较小，利用运动弹性动力学简化方法所得响应的精度较高；当转速较高时，连杆和摇杆的柔性较大，利用此方法所得响应与实验值的偏差很大，这时若要得到较精确的计算结果，就需要在建模时考虑刚弹耦合的影响及连杆销轴间隙、运动副黏性摩擦等因素．

Analytical and Experimental Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Elastic Linkage Mechanism

An instantaneous dynamics model for flexible crack-rocker mechanism was established with finite element method, and the comparison between the features of flexible and rigid linkage showed the primary factors affecting the theoretical calculation accuracy. The experimental results confirm the conclusion that the computational response accuracy is heightened at lower speed, and obviously worsened at high speed due to the quite distinguishable flexibility of linkage and rocker, so the coupling of rigidity and elasticity, clearance between axe and pin, and the damping of motional association, etc. must be considered in the situation with higher running speed.