语言交际与不同受话者形态下的取效行为

本文旨从奥斯汀的言语行为理论中“取效行为”出发，着眼于日常语言现象，针对三种不同形态的受话者对言语行为产生的积极和消极的影响，重点分析了较常见的第一种受话者形态，而提出语言是人的第二形象。说话者应根据不同的受话者这个角度来提高自己的语言交际能力，通过语言来传达说话者的思想，情感，修养以及学识等，以完善自己的言语行为，顺利实现人与人之间的交际与沟通。

Language Communication on the View of Perlocutionary Act for Different Hearers

Based on the perlocutionary act from Austiffs speech act theory, the analysis of three different kinds of hearers results in the positive effects and the negative ones on both speakers and hearers in daily language phenomena. And this analysis emphasizes the first kind which is more common than the other two. It is believed that what the speaker says indicates his thoughts, emotion, accomplishments and knowledge etc.. This essay aims to make the conclusion that the speaker should improve his ability of language communication, perfect his speech act, and achieve his social intercourse among persons according to those three kinds of hearers mentioned.