过度训练对红细胞膜结构和功能影响的实验研究

为进一步探讨过度训练的发生机制,采用建立一般训练和过度训练动物模型,应用荧光法和比色法分别测定了过度训练后红细胞膜MDA含量、红细胞变形性、Na~+-K~+-ATPase、Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性以及红细胞膜总磷脂、胆固醇含量及其比值.结果显示:与对照组相比,MDA含量在运动后即刻显著升高(P<0.01);红细胞变形性显著下降(<0.05;P<0.01),Na~+-K~+-ATPase和Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性显著下降(P<0.05),红细胞膜总磷脂显著下降(P<0.05),红细胞膜上胆固醇在运动后即刻显著低于对照组(P<0.01),红细胞膜上胆固醇/磷脂比值在运动后即刻显著低于对照组(P<0.05),相关分析表明,红细胞的变形性与红细胞膜上MDA含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05).结果揭示:过度训练运动引发的自由基产生的脂质过氧化对红细胞膜结构有损害,使Na~+-K~+-ATPase和Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性下降,红细胞膜上的磷脂和胆固醇含量以及其比值降低,致使红细胞变形性下降,可能是造成过度训练后红细胞功能下降的重要原因之一.

The Effects of Overtraining on Erythrocyte Membrane

To investigate the effects of overtraining on the ADA,Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase, erythrocyte deformability,phosphatide and cholesterol of erythrocyte membrane in overtraining group (OG) and control group (CG) rats. There was abnormal changes on the MDA content, Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase activity, phosphatide and cholesterol of erythrocyte membrane at immediately after exercise,The results indicated that the MDA content was increased significantly (P<0. 01),Na+-K+-ATPase,Ca2+-ATPase activity,phosphatide,cholesterol content and their ratio all were decline. It is suggested that the increase of endogenous free radicals and lipid peroxidation induced ty overtraining damage erythrocyte membrane structure,which results in erythroyte detriment and Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase activity decline, phosphatide, cholesterol contents and their ratio decrease as weell as decline of erythrocyte deformabilty. It might be one of the important reasons of function decline of erythrocyte membrane.