Visual characterization of targeted effect of holo-transferrin-tagged dihydroartemisinin on human breast cancer cells |
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Authors: | WeiLing Xie PeiHui Yang Xin Zeng Hui Wang HuaiHong Cai JiYe Cai |
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Institution: | 1 Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2 Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information and Sensing Technologies of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
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Abstract: | Targeted drugs could significantly reduce cytotoxic effect and increase therapeutic activity. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) has been shown to be effective in killing cancer cells. However, it exhibits non-targeted property. Holo-transferrin (TF) is a suitable drug-carrier to target cancer cells, because cancer cells need iron uptake by the TF-mediated mechanism to maintain their uncon- trolled growth. Furthermore, TF receptors (TF-R) are highly expressed on cancer cell surfaces. In this paper, 3-(4,5-dimethylthi- azol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the different killing effect of 4-(12-Dihydroart- emisininoxy) Benzoic Acid Hydrozide-transferrin (DBAH-TF) on human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) cells and human normal breast (HNB) cells, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to visually observe the targeted effect of DBAH-TF on MCF-7 cells. MTT results show that DBAH-TF is 172 times more potent than DHA in killing MCF-7 cells, while the cytotoxic effect of DBAH-TF on HNB cells is merely 1/33 to DHA. Also, the killing effect of DBAH-TF on MCF-7 cells is 286 times that on HNB cells, showing targeted effect. Moreover, there are distinct differences in ultrastructures of cellular surfaces after DBAH-TF and DHA treatment. Through AFM imaging, many characteristic holes were observed on the cancer cell surface after being effected by DBAH-TF, which differ from the holes with irregular shapes affected by DHA. These results visually show that the DBAH-TF targeted drug has more potent killing effect on MCF-7 cells compared with DHA. |
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Keywords: | dihydroartemisinin holo-transferrin breast cancer cells atomic force microscopy cytotoxicity |
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