基于两阶段控制的铝-空气燃料电池最大功率点跟踪方法

铝-空气燃料电池作为一种新兴的金属燃料电池,具有比能量高、安全静默、高效环保等优点,但其发电功率水平较低、资源利用率不高,且对其最大功率点跟踪控制方法的研究较少。基于此提出了一种两阶段控制的最大功率点跟踪方法。该方法根据铝-空气燃料电池输出特性,第一阶段基于电阻匹配的最大功率传输理论,通过实时检测燃料电池输出端口电流,对其施加增量扰动寻优,以较大步长接近最大功率点阈值;第二阶段基于模糊控制理论,通过设置功率变化和占空比步长变化的隶属度函数,进一步逼近最大功率点并实现稳定控制。仿真和实验表明,所提方法跟踪精度高、跟踪效果好,具有较强的工程应用价值。

Maximum Power Point Tracking of Aluminum-air Fuel Cell Based on Two-stage Control

As an emerging metal fuel cell, aluminum-air fuel cells have the advantages of high specific energy, safe and quiet, high efficiency and environmental protection. However, aluminum-air fuel cells have lower power generation levels and lower resource utilization. At present, there are few studies on its maximum power point tracking control method. Based on this, a two-stage controlled maximum power point tracking method is proposed. The method is based on the output characteristics of an aluminum-air fuel cell. The first stage is based on the theory of maximum power transfer for resistance matching. The fuel cell output port current is detected in real time and incremental disturbances are applied to it. By approaching the maximum power point threshold in larger steps. The second stage is based on fuzzy control theory. By setting the membership function of power variation and duty cycle step change, the maximum power point is further approached and stable control is achieved. Simulation and experiments show that the proposed method has higher tracking accuracy, better tracking effect and stronger engineering application value.