青海茶卡盐湖嗜盐碱芽胞杆菌资源分析

采用3种不同的培养基,通过可培养法,从青海茶卡盐湖样品中共分离获得110株嗜盐碱芽胞杆菌.基于16S rRNA基因序列相似性鉴定及系统发育分析,得出这些菌株为芽胞杆菌10个属的41个种,它们与最近匹配模式菌株的16S rRNA基因序列相似性在96%~100%之间,以芽胞杆菌属为优势菌,共计25种83株;存在6个潜在新种.3种酶筛实验结果表明,87%的嗜盐碱芽胞杆菌菌株具有产酶能力,产蛋白酶70株,产纤维素酶81株,产木聚糖酶50株.青海茶卡盐湖中的芽胞杆菌种类丰富多样且能产多种酶,并且潜藏着新的微生物物种,研究结果可为嗜盐碱芽胞杆菌资源开发提供理论基础.

Analysis of halophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus resources from Qinghai Chaka Salt Lake

To fully investigate the diversity of resources and enzyme production of halophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus in Chaka Salt Lake, Qinghai province. 110 halophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus strains were isolated and cultured using three medium. Based on 16S rRNA gene similarities and phylogeny analysis, it was indicated that these halophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus strains belonged to 10 genera including 41 species with 16S rRNA gene 96%-100% similarity to the their closed type strains. The genus Bacillus was the dominant resource in Chaka Salt Lake, which include 25 Bacillus species including 83 strains. 6 strains may represent the potential new species. From the three enzymes screening, it was showed that approximately 87% strains could produce enzymes, among which 70 strains produced protease, 81 strains produced cellulose and 50 strains produced xylanase. The research indicated that there was not only an abundant diversity of Bacillus, which could produce many kinds of enzymes, but also some potential new microbial species in Qinghai Chaka Salt Lake, which provided basis for reasonable development of halophilic and alkaliphilic Bacillus resources.