模糊综合评判在土地生态系统健康评价中的应用

 土地利用是人地关系中最为基本的一环,人类对自然界最直接的作用就是改变土地利用的方式,然而,土地利用方式的改变无疑会对土地生态系统产生一定的影响,如土壤有机质含量的减少,植被覆盖度的变化等。本文利用landsat TM影像资料,以白山市的八道江区为研究区域,在格网GIS技术的支持下,利用模糊综合评判方法,对不同土地利用方式下的土地生态系统进行健康评价,以土地生态系统的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益为标准,将土地生态系统的健康状况分为5级。结果表明,林地生态系统的健康状况最好,草地次之,耕地生态系统的健康状况一般,建筑用地的生态系统健康状况最差。这一研究结果可为今后八道江区的土地利用提供一定的理论依据,以减少土地利用过程中的不当措施,从而更加有效地利用土地,实现土地的可持续利用。

Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation to Health Assessment of Land Ecosystem

The land use is a basic issue in the relationship between human and land, and the most direct activity of human with respect to nature is related with the manner of land use; the different types of land use will undoubtedly have different impact on the land eco-system, such as the reduction of the soil organic content, the change of vegetation coverage. In this paper, using the Landsat TM image and the related statistical data, based on the GIS technology and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the health analysis is made for each land eco-system under different land use types in Badaojiang area in Baishan city. In view of the ecological benefits, the social benefits and the economic benefits of the land eco-system, the states of health stations of the land eco-system are divided into five grades: best, fairly good, general, bad, and worst. And the results show that, the health state of the forest system is the best, then comes the grassland system, the health state of the cultivated land is general, and the health state of the building land is the worst. These results can provide a reference for the future land use in the Badaojiang area, to avoid improper measures in the land use process, for the most efficient land use, and the sustainable use of land.