基于FDM技术的多料口粒料3D打印 供料及挤料系统设计

FDM 3D打印机多采用由颗粒状热塑性材料加工而成的丝状热塑性材料,材料成本较高,且由于材料本身丝状的几何形状难以实现均匀混合,使得FDM彩色混色3D打印技术具有一定的局限性,难以实现多色混色打印。针对以上问题,根据传统挤出技术并结合熔融沉积(FDM)技术特点,研制了粒料式FDM 3D打印设备供料及挤出系统,原材料直接选用颗粒状塑料,并设计了多个进料口、储料仓和排气螺杆,进料采用穴播轮控制方式。设计结果可以实现不同颜色、不同塑料进料量的合理配比,使颗粒塑料实现充分熔化、加压、均化、排气、再均化、挤出过程,实现均质材质的粒料3D打印过程及多色混色打印过程。所提出的设计可以使用粒料直接进行3D打印,既降低了制料成本、缩短了制料周期,又实现了废料的有效利用,可为3D打印技术的发展提供参考。

Design of 3D printing feeding system and extrusion system based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology with

Mostly filamentous thermoplastic materials processed from granular thermoplastic materials are used by FDM 3D printers, which has high material cost, and it is difficult to reach uniform mixing due to the filamentary geometry of the material itself, so Multicolor FDM 3D printing technology has been limited,and it is difficult to realize Multi-color mixed printing. For the above questions, according to the traditional extrusion technology combined with the characteristics of fused deposition modeling(FDM) technology, the granular FDM 3D printing equipment feeding and extrusion system is designed, the granular plastics as raw material is directly selected, and multiple inlets, storage bins and exhaust screw are designed, the material is controlled by the hole-drilling. the reasonable ratio of different colors and different feed rate of granular plastic can be realized by the design result. The exhaust screw related to fully melt, pressurize, homogenize, vent, re-homogenize and extrude the granular plastic is designed. The 3D printing process of homogeneous material and the Multi-color mixed color printing process are realized. The design proposed in the paper can be directly used for 3D printing by using granule, which not only reduces the material production cost and cycle, but also realizes the effective utilization of waste materials, providing a reference basis for the development of 3D printing technology.