企业集群的发展动力及其创新能力的演进

外部经济、集体学习、知识传播以及企业家精神等因素推动了企业集群的发展 ,而创新是集群的根本发展动力。企业集群的创新能力在其发展的各个时期不断变化 :在萌芽期 ,群内企业与外部的单个企业相比有更强的创新动力和更活跃的创新表现 ;在成长期 ,集群比萌芽期更具创新性、创新成本更低 ;由于内在僵化和由道德风险、机会主义等引起的网络成本 ,在成熟阶段企业集群的创新能力开始减退、创新成本增大 ;在衰落阶段 ,集群可能丧失其创新优势

Dynamics of Enterprise Clusters and Its Evolution of Innovation Capability

External economies,collective efficiencies,knowledge diffusion and entrepreneurship as well as other factors drive the development of enterprise clusters,while innovation is the most essential dynamic.Innovation capability of an enterprise cluster varies in different phases of its development.During the embryonic phase clustered firms are more innovative than non-clustered counterparts.These firms are more active in innovation than they are in the former phase with lower cost in the growth phase of clusters.However,their innovative capabilities begin fading in the mature phase with higher cost because of petrification and network cost caused by moral risk and opportunism.Gradually,enterpsise clusters may lose their innovative advantage in its declining.