基于灵敏度分析的车门轻量化研究

利用Hyperworks建立某车型车门的有限元模型,对车门固有频率、下沉刚度进行求解,并通过模态试验验证了有限元模型的有效性。为了提高结构优化效率,采用灵敏度分析方法确定对车门质量、下沉刚度和一阶固有频率敏感的部件。然后,以质量和下沉刚度为设计目标,一阶固有频率为约束条件对车门相应部件厚度尺寸进行多目标优化设计。计算结果显示,优化后的车门质量下降明显,下沉刚度有所提高,且一阶固有频率基本保持不变,实现了结构的轻量化目标。

Research on the Lightweight of Car Door Based on Sensitivity Analysis

The finite element model of the car door was established by the Hyperworks software. Its nature frequencies and vertical stiffness were calculated and compared with the results of modal test to verify the validity of the finite element model. In order to improve the efficiency of optimizations, the sensitivity analysis method was implemented to choice the sensitive components for the mass, vertical stiffness and the first order frequency of the door. Taking the mass and vertical stiffness as optimization objective, and the first order frequency as constraint condition, the thicknesses of corresponding components were designed by multi-objective optimization method. The result shows that, under the condition of the first order frequency basically remaining unchanged, the total mass of the car is reduced apparently, and the vertical stiffness is increased. The lightweight of the car door is achieved effectively.