海南发展旅游业对生态环境的影响及对策

介绍了海南旅游景区的分布和地理环境,分析了旅游业的主体即旅游业者、游客、当地居民及其行为活动对环境的影响和旅游业的客体即旅游景区受到的外部作用,概评了海南主要景区的环境影响状况.指出:当前和今后一段时期,旅游区开发商的开发活动是对海南环境影响规模最大程度最剧烈的因素;多数景区尚未确定科学的游客承载量,天然林区的旅游开发有很高的环境破坏潜在风险.建议改变旅游业的粗放性,遏止政府与开发商的短期行为,推动地方立法,规定某些地区不允许开发的旅游活动种类,编制和逐步完善海南旅游业生态化管理标准.

Impacts of tourism development in Hainan on the ecological environment and some countermeasures

The distribution and geological environment of the tourism resorts in Hainan were introduced. It analyzed the impacts exerted by the tourism subjects, i.e. the tourism developers, tourists and local residents, on the environment of the tourism resorts. The status quo of impacts on environment in main tourism resorts in Hainan was generally assessed. The development activity of tourism developers has been the strongest factor to the ecological environment in Hainan recently. Most of the tourism resorts have not determined the scientific environment capacity. There exists high environmental potential risks in the development of tourism in natural forest areas. It was suggested that the rough management of tourism be changed, the short-term behaviors of the government and tourism traders be controlled, the local legislation to regulate the tourism types in some areas be pushed forward and the management standard of tourism in ecological way in Hainan be drawn up and improved.