基于重心模型的关中地区1996～2005年生态足迹时空变化分析

应用生态足迹分析方法，在地理信息系统（GIS）技术的支持下，计算出关中地区1996～2005年各地市人均生态足迹、人均生态承载力和生态赤字，分析了关中近10a生态足迹和生态承载力的相对变化率空间分布，并利用区域重心的概念及模型计算出10a间生态足迹重心及生态承载力重心坐标变化，得到两者动态演变轨迹，对其变化趋势进行对比分析。结果显示，关中各地市1996～2005年的人均生态足迹均大于生态承载力，每年都出现生态赤字，且生态赤字总体呈增长趋势。生态足迹和承载力各自空间变化区域差异较为显著。1996年以来生态足迹重心向东北方向移动1．31km，生态承载力重心向西南方向移动了4．95km。图6，表2，参16。

Analysis of the Spatial Change of Ecological Footprint in Guanzhong from 1996 to 2005 based on the Model of Regional Gravity

With the support of geographic information system（GIS） and by using the method of analysis of the ecological footprint, we calculated the per capita ecological footprint and the per capita ecological capacity and the ecological deficit. The relative change index of the ecological footprint and ecological capacity in Guanzhong during the last 10 years were discussed based on GIS technology in this paper.Taking the conception and model of the regional gravity center and adopting the data collecting from 1996 to 2005, this research calculated the ecological footprint and ecological capacity gravity centers and analyzed their dynamic evolvement. At the same time, a contrastive analysis of the dynamic evolvement tendencies of the two gravity centers was made. Results showed that the per capita ecological footprint is larger than the per capita ecological capacity in Guanzhong from 1996 to 2005. The ecological deficit appears every year, and shows a growth trend. The differences of spatial changes between ecological footprint and ecological capacity in Guanzhong are significant. Compared with the geometric centre of Guanzhong, the distribution of the ecological footprint gravity is not relatively balanced. The ecological footprint gravity moved 1.31 km to northeast during the past 10 years. The distribution of the ecological capacity gravity is not balanced either, it moved 4.95km to southwest during the past 10 years.