自动驾驶汽车用户接受度的中美差异

当前处于半自动驾驶向全自动驾驶过渡的关键时期,为探究中美自动驾驶汽车终端用户的接受度差异,分别针对北京和旧金山湾区各20名特斯拉车主,采用结构式访谈法对车主半自动驾驶汽车的用车情况、对全自动驾驶汽车的认知态度进行实证研究.通过对两地结果进行比较,发现两地特斯拉用户背景、购买动机无明显差异;而购买顾虑、半自动驾驶系统使用频率、全自动驾驶汽车保留手动控制意愿、接受度的重要影响因素、对共享自动驾驶的态度、愿意共享的原因差异明显.中美两地的显著差异说明自动驾驶汽车的发展需要因地制宜,而拓宽研究对象范围、重视终端用户的反馈将为全自动驾驶乃至共享自动驾驶汽车融入城市道路起到促进作用.

A Study on the Differences in User Acceptability of Autonomous Vehicles between China and the United States

It is in a critical period of transition from semi-autonomous driving to fully automated driving, in order to investigate the differences in the acceptance of automated driving between China and the United States, 20 Tesla owners in Beijing and San Francisco Bay Area were interviewed to find out their attitudes towards semi-automated driving and their perceptions of fully automated driving. By comparing the results of the two places, the study found no significant differences in Tesla users'' backgrounds and purchase motivations between the two places; however, there were significant differences in purchase concerns, frequency of semi-autonomous driving system use, willingness to retain manual control of fully automated vehicles, important influencing factors of acceptance, attitudes toward shared automated driving, and reasons for willingness to share. The significant differences between China and the U.S. show that the development of automated driving needs to be tailored to local conditions, and that broadening the scope of the study and focusing on end-user feedback will facilitate the integration of fully automated driving and even shared automated driving into urban roads.