The multidrug-resistant human pathogen Clostridium difficile has a highly mobile, mosaic genome |
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| Authors: | Sebaihia Mohammed Wren Brendan W Mullany Peter Fairweather Neil F Minton Nigel Stabler Richard Thomson Nicholas R Roberts Adam P Cerdeño-Tárraga Ana M Wang Hongmei Holden Matthew T G Wright Anne Churcher Carol Quail Michael A Baker Stephen Bason Nathalie Brooks Karen Chillingworth Tracey Cronin Ann Davis Paul Dowd Linda Fraser Audrey Feltwell Theresa Hance Zahra Holroyd Simon Jagels Kay Moule Sharon Mungall Karen Price Claire Rabbinowitsch Ester Sharp Sarah Simmonds Mark Stevens Kim Unwin Louise Whithead Sally Dupuy Bruno Dougan Gordon Barrell Bart Parkhill Julian |
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| Institution: | Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK. |
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| Abstract: | We determined the complete genome sequence of Clostridium difficile strain 630, a virulent and multidrug-resistant strain. Our analysis indicates that a large proportion (11%) of the genome consists of mobile genetic elements, mainly in the form of conjugative transposons. These mobile elements are putatively responsible for the acquisition by C. difficile of an extensive array of genes involved in antimicrobial resistance, virulence, host interaction and the production of surface structures. The metabolic capabilities encoded in the genome show multiple adaptations for survival and growth within the gut environment. The extreme genome variability was confirmed by whole-genome microarray analysis; it may reflect the organism's niche in the gut and should provide information on the evolution of virulence in this organism. |
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