A New Fragile Watermarking Scheme for Text Documents Authentication

0 IntroductionDigital watermarkingis a technique toinsert a digital sig-natureinto ani mage sothat the signature can be extrac-ted for ownership verification and/or authentication. Robustwatermarks are generally used for copyright and ownershipverification,whilefragile watermarks are useful for authentica-tion and integrity attestation1 ,2]. Afragile watermark pro-vides a guarantee that the digital data has not been tamperedwith and came fromthe right source,soit may be called au-thentication…

A new fragile watermarking scheme for text documents authentication

Because there are different modification types of deleting characters and inserting characters in text documents, the algorithms for image authentication can not be used for text documents authentication directly. A text watermarking scheme for text document authentication is proposed in this paper. By extracting the features of character cascade together with the user secret key, the scheme combines the features of the text with the user information as a watermark which is embedded into the transformed text itself. The receivers can verify the integrity and the authentication of the text through the blind detection technique. A further research demonstrates that it can also localize the tamper, classify the type of modification, and recover part of modified text documents. The aforementioned conclusion has been proved by both our experiment results and analysis.