中国：世界海洋农牧化的先驱

在２０００年多前的先秦时期，中国就出现了“海耕”。至宋代，中国出现了第一次“海耕”热潮，明清时期中国出现了第二次“海耕”热潮。从中国古代“海耕”的起源时间之早，及其广度和深度，都说明中国是世界海洋农牧化的先驱。

CHINA: A PIONEER OF SEA FARMING AND SEA ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN THE WORLD

With the crisis of the reserve of arable land, countries in the world are turning to the seas and oceans since the 60s and 70s of this century. To advocate an implement sea farming and sea animal husbandry is now important part of opening up the sea. As a country with an ancient civilization, China has had a tradition of "sea tillage" through the ages. Sea tillage started as early as the Qin dynasty. In the Song dynasty, there came a boom of sea tillage. "Oyster fields", "pen shell fields" and "pearl fields"appeared one after another. In respect of exploiting sea salt, a new technology was developed in China, whose use has continued to this day. Afterwards another boom of sea tillage occurred. "Blood clam fields", "Razor clam fields" and "mull fields" arose one by one. The development of medicine has even made use of the sea and its natural resources. What is more, in books such as Exploitation of the Works of Nature, people had already realized the need of moderation in opening up the sea.There is a saying: if you take jewels too frequently, you will end in getting less.There is no doubt that China is a pioneer of sea farming and sea animal husbandry in the world in the past two thousand years. This has benefited not only our nation but also the process of farming and animal husbandry of the sea throughout the world. This paper sums up the experience of several thousand years of sea tillage in China.