水足迹与水资源可持续性研究进展

对水足迹研究所取得的成果进行了归纳与总结，介绍了水足迹的概念及由来，概述了水足迹的核算方法，以及食品-能源-水系统关联过程中的能源、食品和水资源之间的相互作用，强调未来研究应重视食品-能源-水系统关联研究方法，并运用“环境足迹族(水、生态、能源、碳、土地、氮、磷足迹)”指标评价人与环境系统的综合表现，探讨在满足人类需求的同时，降低环境足迹的资源利用方案． 

Water footprint and water resource sustainability-recent progresses

Water is a scarce strategic resource for human survival and economic development, its rational allocations and utilizations have become important to promote regional sustainable development. Impact of climate changes and human activities on spatial and temporal distribution and sustainable use of water resources is in an increasing trend. Water footprint and accounting could be effective to quantify water volume required for products and services, to measure social, economic and environmental impacts of water withdrawal, and to assess the sustainability of water resources．Major findings and achievements in the field of water footprint research are summarized here．The concept and development of water footprint were described．Methods for calculating water footprint, interactions between energy, food and water resources were discussed in the framework of food-energy-water nexus．It was emphasized that future water footprint research should focus on food-energy-water nexus．The “environmental footprint family (including water, ecology, energy, carbon, land, nitrogen, and phosphorus footprints)” indicators were summarized to evaluate comprehensive performance of human-environment coupling system, to explore the resource utilization schemes that reduce environmental footprint but meet human needs．