人胎儿子宫肌层的平滑肌细胞超微结构研究

利用电镜研究胎儿子宫肌层的平滑肌细胞在不同胎龄阶段（6个月、7个月、8个月、足月）的超微结构。结果发现随着胎龄的增长，平滑肌细胞显示下列形态变化：（a)胞质的细胞器减少；（b)核表面的凹陷增加和加深；（c)糖元颗粒聚集，细胞表面的半桥粒状致密斑及带有电子致密体的5nm微丝束逐渐增多；（d)到足月妊娠时，其形态与育龄妇女的子宫肌层的平滑肌细胞极为相似，在任何胎龄到足月妊娠时，其形态与育龄妇女的子宫肌层的平滑肌细胞极为相似，在任何胎龄的子宫肌层里均可见到平滑肌细胞间有间质细胞和一些成熟较差的平滑肌细胞。由于样本取自肌层中间部位，及肌层内间质细胞随着胎龄的增长而减少，歌曲以认为平滑肌细胞增多，可能是由于肌层里间质细胞分化的结果，由于在雌激素作用下，核体大量出现及黄体酮促使糖元颗粒聚集成团，本研究结果提示胎儿子宫肌层平滑肌细胞的成熟可能与雌激素主黄体酮的作用有关。

ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY OF THE SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS IN HUMAN FETAL MYOMETRIUM

The smooth muscle cells of human fetal myometrium in different age of gestation (6th month, 7th month, 8th month and full term) were examined by electron microscopy.With advancing gestational age the smooth muscle cells displayed the following morphological changes: (a) the number of cell organelis diminished, (b) the surface infoldings of nucleus increased in number and depth, (c) the aggregation of glycogen particles, the semidesmosome-like electron dense plaques on the cell surface and the 5-nm microfilaments containing electron dense bodies increased gradually, (d) At the full term, their morphology was very similar to that of smooth muscle cells obtained from women in the reproductive age. In each gestational age, mesenchymal cells and some less matured smooth muscle cells were seen between the smooth muscle cells. Since the tissue was obtained from the middle of myometrium, and the mesenchymal cells in the myometrium decreased in number as the gestational age advanced, we assume, the increase of smooth muscle cells in number might be due to differentiation of mesenchymal cells in mymometrium. Since under the estrogenic stimulation, the nuclear bodies increase in number and progesterone causes glycogen particle to aggregate, our findings indicate that the smooth muscle cell maturation of fetal myometrium might be affected by estrogen and progesterone.