免疫接种乙肝疫苗防治效果探讨

目的：了解免疫接种乙肝疫苗后产生乙肝病毒表面抗体（抗-HBs）的阳性率和人群乙肝病毒（HBV）的感染率,来评价1992年我国乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫管理和2002年乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫以及卫生部/全球疫苗免疫联盟乙肝疫苗合作项目实施的效果。方法：对所有调查对象均采集静脉血4ml,由中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病所统一使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法对标本进行检测,统一检测表面抗原（HBsAg）,抗-HBs,核心抗体（抗-HBc）,对HBsAg阳性者再做e抗原（HBeAg）和e抗体（抗-HBe）检测。根据乙肝疫苗推广的时间分为1～4岁组69人,5～14岁组89人,15～59岁157人,对检测结果进行相关分析。结论：乙肝疫苗的推广和乙肝疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫对全人群的免疫水平都有很大的提高,尤其对婴儿预防乙肝病毒感染有显著的效果。

On the Effect of Immunifaction for HBV Vaccine

Objective：To realize the positive rate of protective antibody（anti-HBs） and the infective rate of HBV in the population after vaccination of HBV vaccine,and to evaluate the effect of HBV vaccine since the introduction of children planning immunity project in 1992 in China and the effect of the Ministry of Health/globle vaccine alliance cooperation project started in 2002.Methods：4ml vein blood from investigation objects was collected,the samples of which were detected by means of ELISA in the institute of virus of Chinese CDC.HBsAg,anti-HBs and anti-HBc were detected firstly.In addition,HBeAg and anti-HBe were detected further if the sample was positive of HBsAg.According to the time of HBV vaccine dissemination the population was divided into the following groups： 69 persons aged 1～4 age,89 persons aged 5～14 age and 157 persons aged 15～59.Finally,the detected results were analyzed.Conclusions：The utilization of HBV vaccine and HBV vaccine adopted in the children planning immunity project can raise the immunity level of the whole population,and besides,it has a significant result for infants to prevent the infection of HBV.