苏锡常都市圈蓝绿空间规模与格局演变特征

【目的】苏锡常都市圈是江苏省三大都市圈之一,也是长江三角洲的主要核心区域。20世纪80年代以来,苏锡常都市圈城市化进程加快,区域性生态问题亟须重视。蓝绿空间是构建区域生态系统的基础,定量揭示其演变特征有助于为苏锡常都市圈国土空间规划与生态环境保护提供依据。【方法】选取2003年、2008年、2013年、2018年共4期遥感影像并处理分析,利用动态变化模型与景观格局指数对苏锡常都市圈及各成员城市15年间蓝绿空间规模与景观格局的演变进行分析。【结果】①2003—2018年间,苏锡常都市圈蓝绿空间总体动态变化幅度为-3.52%,绿色空间变化剧烈,蓝色空间相对稳定;蓝色空间与绿色空间动态变化均呈现出由“减少期”转变为“增长期”的阶段性特征。②在斑块类型水平上,苏锡常都市圈蓝色空间破碎度减少,复杂度与连通性增加;绿色空间破碎度及复杂度增加,连通度减少。蓝绿空间在景观水平上多样性程度减少,连通度、聚集度增加。③研究期内常州的蓝绿空间相对动态度最大,无锡最小;常州蓝绿空间破碎度、复杂度较高,景观格局变化较为剧烈;苏州蓝绿空间多样性程度较低,连通度及聚集度较高。【结论】近15年苏锡常都市圈的蓝绿空间规模与景观格局变化显著,城市间差异明显,必须对区域生态环境进行统筹规划和保护。

Study on the scale and landscape pattern evolution characteristics of blue-green space in Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area,China

【Objective】The Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area is one of the three major metropolitan areas in Jiangsu Province and a core area of the Yangtze River Delta,China.Since the 1980 s,the urbanization in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area has been drastic,where regional ecological problems urgently require attention.The blue-green space provides the basis to construct a regional ecosystem.Quantitatively characterizing the evolution of these spaces provides a basis to plan the spatial configuration of the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area in an ecologically conscious manner.【Method】Using remote sensing images from 2003,2008,2013 and 2018,the dynamic change model and landscape pattern index were used to analyze the evolution of the scale and landscape patterns of blue-green space in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area and its member cities over the recent 15 years.【Result】(1)From 2003 to 2018,the change in blue-green space in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area was-3.52%;the green space changed drastically,while the blue space was relatively stable.The blue and green spaces changed from a“decreasing period”to an“increasing period”.(2)At the class metrics level,the fragmentation of blue space in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area decreased,while its complexity and connectivity increased.By contrast,the fragmentation and complexity of green space increased,and its connectivity decreased.The diversity of blue-green space decreased at the landscape level,while connectivity and aggregation increased.(3)During the study period,changes in blue-green space in each member city were similar to those in the metropolitan areas.Changzhou experienced the highest degree of dynamic change,Wuxi experienced the smallest;the blue-green space of Changzhou showed higher fragmentation and complexity,and the landscape pattern changed more drastically.Suzhou experienced low diversity,high connectivity,and aggregation in blue-green space.【Conclusion】Over the past 15 years,the scale and landscape patterns of blue-green space in the Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou metropolitan area have changed significantly,with clear differences between cities.As such,there is a need to systematically plan and protect the regional ecological environment in this area.