基于公众审美的哈尔滨城市公园植物色彩评价

【目的】植物景观作为城市公园绿地的重要组成因素,色彩是其重要的观赏特征,也是直接影响其质量好坏的重要指标因子。探究城市公园植物景观色彩的内在属性,可为植物组合配置的研究提供新思路。【方法】以哈尔滨古梨园、中东铁路公园、兆麟公园、体育公园、群力丁香公园、太平公园、清滨公园等7个城市公园中较为典型的26个植物组合为研究对象,采用ColorImpact色彩辅助软件提取各植物组合色彩的特征属性,运用美景度评价法对哈尔滨城市公园植物组合色彩进行评价,分析植物色彩影响指数与景观美学质量之间的关系。【结果】依据美景度值将哈尔滨城市公园3季植物景观美学质量从高到低划分为5个等级(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ),美景度集中在等级Ⅲ中,说明哈尔滨城市公园植物景观色彩质量处于一般水平。对各色彩量化指标与美景度之间进行回归分析,建立哈尔滨城市公园植物色彩美景度评价的数学回归模型。通过模型得到了影响哈尔滨城市公园植物组合色彩美景度的影响因素,分别为色相指数(H)、色彩数量(X_NC)、主色相比(X_MHi)和冷暖色比(X_THi)。其景观评价模型为:${{E}_{\text{SBE}}}=-1.296-0.364\bar{H}+1.695{{X}_{\text{NC}}}+0.969{{X}_{\text{M}{{\text{H}}_{i}}}}+0.821{{X}_{\text{T}{{\text{H}}_{i}}}}$。【结论】对植物色彩特征进行量化提取,分析植物色彩因子与公众审美之间的相关关系,为公园植物群落色彩配置的完善及园林植物景观建设提供参考。

Evaluation on aesthetic quality of plant color landscape in urban parks of Harbin based on public aesthetic

【Objective】 Plant landscapes are an important component of urban green spaces, where color is a notable ornamental feature; color is also an important index, directly affecting the quality of the plant landscape. The study of color in this context provides new ideas to explore the intrinsic attributes of color in urban parks and new ideas for the study of plant configurations. 【Method】 This study used 26 typical plant combinations in seven urban parks (i.e., Harbin Guliyuan, Middle East Railway, Zhaolin, Sports, Qunli Clove, Taiping and Qingbin parks), as research objects. ColorImpact color-assisted software was utilized to extract the characteristic attributes of each plant combination color. The beauty evaluation method was used to evaluate the combination color of plants in Harbin City Park, and the relationship between the plant color influence index and landscape aesthetic quality was analyzed. The results show that the aesthetic quality of the plant landscape in Harbin City Park may be divided into five grades (i.e., Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, and Ⅴ), where the scenic beauty values were concentrated in grade Ⅲ. This demonstrates that the color quality of the plant landscape in Harbin City Park was at a general level. Regression analysis of color quantification index and scene beauty was carried out to establish a mathematical regression model of plant color beauty evaluation for Harbin City Park. The model was used to obtain the factors influencing the color and scenic beauty degree for differing plant combinations in Harbin City Park; these factors included the hue index (H), the number of colors (X_NC), the main color ratio (X_MHi) and the cold and warm color ratio (X_THi). The landscape evaluation model was:${{X}_{\text{SBE}}}=-1.296-0.364\bar{H}+1.695{{X}_{\text{NC}}}+0.969{{X}_{\text{M}{{\text{H}}_{i}}}}+0.821{{X}_{\text{T}{{\text{H}}_{i}}}}$. 【Conclusion】 By extracting quantitative plant color characteristics, analyzing the correlation between plant color factors (color ratio, main color ratio, adjacent color ratio, complementary color ratio, cold and temperature ratio, color diversity index, color uniformity index, saturation ratio, lightness proportion and background proportion) and public aesthetics, this study can provide a reference for the improvement of plant community color configurations and the construction of plant landscapes.