臭灵丹杀蝗虫活性成分的提取与分离研究

为了从有毒植物中发现新的农药活性化合物进行植物源农药的研究与开发,采用浸叶法测定了6种有毒植物乙醇提取物对蚜虫的触杀活性,结果表明臭灵丹乙醇提取物在2000 mg/L、5000 mg/L和10000 mg/L浓度时,对蚜虫的校正死亡率分别为76.83%、92.85%和100%;采用浸虫浸草法测定了6种有毒植物乙醇提取物对东亚飞蝗的触杀活性,结果表明臭灵丹乙醇提取物在10000 mg/L、作用120 h时,对东亚飞蝗的校正死亡率达到72.00%;采用活性跟踪法对臭灵丹杀蝗虫活性成分进行分离、纯化,最终得到活性较好的化合物1,在1000 mg/L、作用72 h时,对东亚飞蝗的校正死亡率为67.86%,为进一步研究臭灵丹的杀虫活性成分提供了一定理论研究基础.

Extraction and separation of active ingredients from Laggera pterodonta against locusts

In order to discover new active compounds from poisonous plants for the research and development of botanical pesticides,the insecticidal activities of ethanol extracts from six poisonous plants against aphids were determined by dipping leaf method. The results showed that the corrected mortality rates of ethanol extracts from Laggera pterodonta against aphids at 2000 mg/L, 5000 mg/L and 10000 mg/L were 76.83 %, 92.85 %, and 100 %, respectively. And the insecticidal activities of ethanol extracts from six poisonous plants against locusts were determined by dipping leaf and insect method. The results showed that the corrected mortality rate of ethanol extracts from Laggera pterodonta reached 72.00 % at 10000 mg/L for 120 h, and the active ingredients of Laggera pterodonta against locusts were determined by the bioassayguided method. After separation and purification, compound 1 with better activity was obtained. Its corrected mortality against Locusts was 67.86 % at 1000 mg/L for 72 h, which provided a theoretical basis for further study on the insecticidal active ingredients from Laggera pterodonta.