电渣铸铁—现状和展望

六十年代末,七十年代初,苏联冶金学者开始了电渣铸铁的研究工作。电渣重熔和电渣精炼过程的脱硫,脱磷、除夹杂、除气等作用对获得优质铁水,提高铸件质量有明显效果。特别是在直流制度下熔炼,有可能发挥电化学作用。有目的地从熔体中排除有害元素或从熔渣中获得合金化元素,因此,试图采用电渣重熔或电渣精炼进行变性处理和合金化取代添加球化剂直接得到球墨铸铁的生产技术引起人们极大的兴趣。 虽然电渣铸铁工艺和生产技术本身尚有改进的方面,而且对某些基本理论的研究仍处于探讨阶段。然而,作为一种铸铁精炼的新方法,有可能从根本上改革现行的生产工艺。 本文收集了十多年来有关电渣铸铁的文献资料,概括了国外有关电渣生铁熔炼的研究内容和成果。结合我国资源条件及工业发展特点,对开展电渣铸铁工艺和理论研究工作提出一些建议。

The Electroslag Melting of Cast Iron:Present and Future

Late in 1960's or early in 1970's, Russian metallurgical workers started to investigate the electroslag melting of cast iron.It is obvious that the desul-furization, dephosphorization, inclusion removal and gas elimination of ESR or ESM have effects on making iron liquid purified and producing high quality casting.In particular, it would be possible to exert some electrochemical control either over the elimination of some harmful elements from the metal or over the pick-up of some alloying elements from the slag using do method. It is interesting that people attempt to make spheroidal-graphite cast iron directly by alloying and modifying under ESR or ESM condition without adding nodulizing agent.Althought the technological process of the ESR or ESM of cast iron is not perfect and some basic theories to accont for ESR or ESM applied to iron-melting are not yet satisfactory, the ESR br ESM of cast iron may well essentially improve the traditional process as a new technique for making high quality cast iron.This review collects the literatures and technological data on the ESR or ESM of cast iron in recent decaden and summarizes the researches and results on refining pig iron under ESR or ESM condition in foreign countries. onside-ring the natural resources and the characteristies of industrial development in our country, the suggestions that will develop the technological process and the theories of ESR or ESM for iron-metting are also presented.