聚合物超薄膜结晶相关的形貌形成及链行为

聚合物超薄膜结晶是高分子物理领域的一个新研究课题,近来已引起人们的关注,其为人们在真实时空下研究聚合物结晶及相关链行为提供了可能。聚合物超薄膜结晶与膜厚(D)有很强的相关性,尤其是D<20nm的薄膜在结晶形貌和结晶动力学方面与本体结晶差别很大。已有的结果主要集中在结晶形貌、晶体尺寸、晶体生长速度和习性、晶体的熔融和结晶度等方面,涉及温度、膜厚、基片性质和膜的组成和结构对结晶的影响;然而,有些实验结果和解释彼此不完全一致,甚至有时相互矛盾。本文综述和讨论了近年来在超薄膜结晶方面的研究,重点在于结晶形貌的形成和相关的聚合物链行为。

Morphogenesis and Chain Behaviors Related to Crystallization in Ultrathin Polymer Films

As a new and intriguing topic in polymer physics,the crystallization in ultrathin films has received a considerable attention in recent years,and it has provided opportunities for studying polymer crystallization and related chain behaviors in real space and time.The crystallization in ultrathin polymer films depends strongly on film thickness(D),particularly those with D<20 nm exhibit a great deviation from bulk crystallization both in crystalline morphology and crystallization kinetics.The accumulated studies mainly focus on the morphology,crystal dimensions,crystal growth rate and habit,crystal melting and crystallinity etc.,involving the influences of temperature,film thickness,chemical property of substrate,and film composition and structure on the crystallization;however,some experimental results and interpretations are not completely consistent with each other,and even contradictory sometimes.In the present paper,the recent activities related to the crystallization in ultrathin polymer films are reviewed and discussed,with emphasis upon the morphogenesis of crystallization and related chain behaviors.