阿坝州地区退耕还林工程的现状、存在问题及对策

本文通过实地走访、问卷调查、座谈等形式，对阿坝州地区退耕还林工程的实施现状和困难进行了考察，对当地的农民收入状况进行了问卷调查并进行了分析，结果表明：阿坝州地区由于区内人地矛盾突出，实施退耕还林(还草)工程三年多以来，虽然在一定程度上造成了该地区林农、林牧、农牧关系紧张，并对当地农村经济和农民收入造成了一些冲击。迟耕还林工程的实施对以耕种为主要收入来源的农民造成了一定的负面影响，占调查总数的9％；对于那些收入渠道较多的农民影响甚报，占调查总数的66％；其余的25％的农民从事了旅游相关行业，收入大幅提高，退耕还林工程为他们带来了明显的收益。表明退耕还林工程的实施在短期内对农村经济和农民收入会造成一定的负面影响，但可以通过产业结构调整等方式帮助弥补这部分的损失。因而退耕还林工程中强调生态效应的同时，如何将长期生态效益向经济化转化是个值得研究的问题。

Present Situations of Engineering of Changing Cultivation into Tree Planting and Its Problem in ABa Area, China

By the means of interview on the spot, questionnaire investigation and informal discussion, the present situation of implement, process, difficulty of the engineering of changing cultivation into tree planting were researched and the incomes of farmers were analyzed in this paper. The results showed that for the contradiction between man and land in ABa area, there was a tense relationship between the forestry, farming and stock raising after the engineering of changing cultivation into tree planting put into practice for three years, which had already impacted on the rural economic and incomes of farmers. The implement of engineering of changing cultivation into tree planting had some negative effect on the farmers who relied on cultivation,which was 9%of total number; and had litter effect on the farmers who earned by a few ways,which was66%of total number; and the incomes of some farmers who were engaged in vocation associated with touring were increased significantly,which was 25%of total number. The implement of the engineering of changing cultivation into tree planting has some negative effect on the rural economic and incomes of farmers in short time. But the loss can be made up by some mode like adjusting industry structure. Thus the ecological effect are emphasized, how to transform the ecological effect into economic effect is a worthing study issue.