山东半湿润井灌区精细地面灌溉技术试验

在山东半湿润井灌区选择典型试验区,连续2 a开展冬小麦精细地面灌溉试验。通过大田地面灌水试验,研究项目区地面灌溉的适铀灌水技术要素。采用地面灌溉模拟模型(SRFR模型)对各次灌溉试验进行数值模拟,在验证模型精度的同时,研究不同畦长、地面坡降、单宽流量和闭口成数组合条件下畦灌的灌水过程和灌水质量,提出试验区地面灌溉灌水技术要素参考值,为山东半湿润井灌区地面灌溉技术参数的优化提供依据。通过分析试验结果提出建议:(a)推广精细平地技术,适当减小田面坡降,提高田面平整度;(b)畦长以60~70 m为宜;(c)入畦单宽流量控制在3~6 L/(s.m)为宜。

Experimental research on precision surface irrigation technique for well irrigation district in semi-humid region in Shandong Province

Precision surface irrigation experiments were conducted for two consecutive years in a typical experimental winter wheat planted area,which represents the conditions of the well irrigation district in the semi-humid region in Shandong Province.Suitable irrigation design and management variables of surface irrigation were studied through experiments.These experiments were simulated by the SRFR model,which is a surface irrigation simulation model.The model was validated and the process and performance of border irrigation with different combinations of border length,slope,discharge per unit width,and inflow cutoff were studied.The reference values of irrigation design and management variables of surface irrigation are presented,providing a basis for optimization of the surface irrigation design and management variables for the well irrigation district in the semi-humid region in Shandong Province.Based on analysis of the experimental results,some suggestions are put forward:(a) reducing the gradient and improving the roughness of the irrigation borders by means of land leveling,(b) maintaining a suitable border length of 60 to 70 m,and(c) maintaining a suitable discharge per unit width of 3 to 6 L/(s·m).