客车空调制冷负荷的非稳态计算方法

为了自动调节和控制客车室内温度，结合客车车身非稳定传热的特点，提出了一种计算客车空调动态制冷负荷的方法。首先利用谐波反应法计算通过车身隔热壁和车窗玻璃传热形成的逐时冷负荷，再将新风焓值作为1个周期性变量，计算车内通风换气形成的逐时冷负荷，然后按稳定传热原理计算人体和电气设备的散热量，上述各项计算值之和为客车空调逐时制冷负荷。对一大型客车的制冷负荷进行计算，发现其最大值时刻出现在14：00，且比运用稳态计算方法所得的计算结果小8．3%。

Non-steady calculation method for bus air-conditioner cooling load

Based on bus body non-steady heat conducting, this paper presented a calculation method of air conditioning dynamical cooling load in order to realize air temperature self-regulation in bus interior. The calculation included the per-hour load produced by heat conduction through compartment and windows in a harmonic response method, the per-hour load produced by ventilation considering fresh air enthalpy as a periodic variable, the heat emission of human body and electronic equipments in steady heat conducting method, and the sum of above values. Applying it to a bus, it was pointed that the cooling load reached the maximum at 2:00 pm and the maximum value lowered 8.3% compared to steady calculation method. 2 tabs, 1 figs, 7 refs.