宝天曼自然保护区蝴蝶群落多样性与区系分析

利用蝴蝶对环境变化特别敏感的特性,研究河南宝天曼国家级自然保护区生境局部特征变化对蝴蝶多样性的影响,运用标准化样线监测法对宝天曼漂流水库、七星潭、葛条爬、长岭头、马山口等地区进行蝴蝶多样性调查.结果显示:宝天曼自然保护区物种丰富度最高的类群为蛱蝶科Nymphalidae,为当地优势类群,共24属52种;弄蝶科Hesperiidae为稀有类群,仅4属5种.5条样线中,葛条爬属级、种级多样性指数和物种丰富度最高,依次为2.7613、2.9268、7.7715,优势度指数最低,为0.1879;七星潭科级多样性指数最高,为1.4042;而长岭头的均匀度指数最高,为0.7518.保护区内的蝴蝶古北种、东洋种和广布种所占比例分别为:20.48%、13.25%、66.27%,广布种占绝对的优势,古北种多于东洋种.

Diversity and Fauna Analysis of Butterflies in Baotianman Nature Reserve

By use of the characteristics that the butterflies are extremely sensitive to environmental changes, the impact of changes in local habitat characteristics on butterflies diversity is studied. In Baotianman nature reserve, the line intercept monitoring method was used to investigate butterfly diversity in five samples: Baotianman drifting reservoir, Qixing lake, Getiaopa, Changlingtou and Mashankou. The results showed that Nymphalidae was the dominant family in Baotianman nature reserve, which contained altogether 24 genera and 52 species, with the highest specific richness. Hesperiidae contained only 4 genera and 5 species, which was a rare species. Among the five samples, Getiaopa had the highest genus, species diversity index and the highest specific richness, which were 2.7613、2.9268 and7.7715, but the dominance index was the lowest(0.1879). In Qixing lake, the families diversity index was the highest(1.4042). The evenness index of Changlingtou was the highest(0.7518). The preliminary analysis of material revealed that the palearctic species, the oriental species and the widely distributed species was 20.48%, 13.25%, 66.27% respectively in Baotianman nature reserve, the widely distributed species were absolutely, the palearctic species were more than the oriental species.