螺栓支承面有效半径的影响因素

为得到螺栓拧紧扭矩与预紧力之间的精确关系,对影响螺栓支承面(螺栓头和螺母)有效半径的计算方法、预紧力、被连接件弹性模量、板厚、孔隙、螺距等因素进行了研究.采用ANSYS参数化设计语言,构建了具有螺纹特征的螺栓连接件参数化有限元模型,通过Ⅰ-Scan压力薄膜传感器测量被连接板结合面的压力分布,并与有限元模型的计算结果进行比较,间接地验证了参数化模型的可靠性.通过获取螺栓连接件支承面的压力分布方式,结合螺栓支承面有效半径的计算方法对螺栓支承面的有效半径进行了计算.计算结果表明,螺栓支承面的有效半径随着预紧力、孔隙的增加而增加,随着板厚、被连接板弹性模量的增加而减小,有效半径与预紧力、弹性模量之间成非线性关系,与孔隙之间成线性关系且斜率为0.53～0.56.

Factors Affecting Bolt Bearing Surface Effective Radius

A calculation scheme for the factors affecting bearing surface effective radius is proposed to gain the accurate torque-tension relationship.The bolted joint parametric model with thread feature is established by ANSYS parametric design language commend stream.The pressure distribution on the connected plant junction surface is revealed by I-Scan pressure-sensitive films.Compared with the finite element analysis,the reliability of parametric model is verified.Then the bolt bearing surface effective radius is calculated by the measured pressure distributions.It is found that the bolt bearing surface effective radius extends with increasing preload and clear,and reduces with increasing plate thickness and its elastic modulus,while bolt pitch has little effect on the effective radius.