利用亥姆霍兹共鸣器衰减压缩机阀腔内压力脉动的研究

针对压缩机管路气流脉动问题,提出了一种适用于活塞压缩机阀腔气流脉动衰减的亥姆霍兹共鸣器结构,并对其衰减特性进行了研究,同时建立了某活塞压缩机排气管路气流脉动的三维波动模型,模拟了气柱固有频率及压力脉动波形.实验结果表明:安装亥姆霍兹共鸣器后,压缩机阀腔内的压力脉动幅值降低40.4％,缓冲罐之后的远离压缩机侧的管路内压力脉动幅值变化很小；管路气缸喉管处的52.9 Hz特征频率消失,该处附近出现了2个新频率,分别为40.4 Hz和66.9Hz；当共鸣器共振频率偏离脉动主频且为46.3 Hz时,阀腔内压力脉动幅值将衰减24.4％.

Study on Damping the Pressure Pulsation in the Valve Chamber of Reciprocating Compressor Using the Helmholtz Resonator

A Helmholtz resonator installed nearby the discharge valve chamber of a reciprocating compressor was presented to damp the gas pulsation in the pipeline,and its attenuation characteristic was investigated.A three-dimensional acoustic model of the gas pulsation in the piping system was established,and the gas column natural frequencies and the pressure wave profiles were predicted.The experiment was conducted to compare the pressure pulsations with and without the Helmholtz resonator.The results show that the pulsation amplitude in the valve chamber decreased by 40.4% with the Helmholtz resonator while the pulsation downstream of the buffer changed slightly.The characteristic frequency of the cylinder nozzle changed to 40.4 Hz and 66.9 Hz instead of the original frequency of 52.9 Hz because of the Helmholtz resonator installed.In addition,the pulsation amplitude dropped by only 24.4% when the resonance frequency of the resonator deviated from the characteristic frequency of the cylinder nozzle and was 46.3 Hz.