基于有限元技术的传统木结构关键构造节点的性能研究与分析

中国古代木结构关键节点有大屋顶和柱头的榫卯连接等,为研究其对结构整体性能的作用,使用贴近分析木结构需要的有限元软件ABAQUS,根据木结构营造法式,构建包含台基层、柱架层、铺作层的大木作结构模型,采用了合理的网格划分措施用于研究在水平往复载荷和地震波作用下结构能的耗散和刚度变化。通过控制结构上覆的用来模拟屋架层的竖向荷载大小,得到结构不同竖向荷载时在往复加载下的滞回曲线、骨架曲线,表明一定程度上,木结构的大屋顶质量越大,耗能越可观,且结构整体刚度越大;结构刚度随水平力的增大出现恒量、刚度退化、刚度崩溃的变化阶段。通过结构静力推覆实验,得到柱头榫卯连接的破坏机理,表明古建木构架的修缮关键应加强节点处榫卯连接。通过分析节点的破坏方式,找出结构的薄弱部分,能为结构检测提供依据,并指导古建木结构的加固改造工作。

Research on the performance of key building node of traditional wooden structures based on finite element techniques

Traditional wooden buildings have key nodes such as big roofs and stigma tenon connections. To study their effect on the overall performance of the structure, this article uses finite element software ABAQUS which can better analyze and simulate wooden structures. A wooden structure model which contained foundations, columns, beams and brackets was created according to building formulas. A more rational meshing measure was used to explore the structure energy dissipation, stiffness changes at the horizontal reciprocating load and seismic wave .By controlling the vertical load size which was used to simulate the roof truss layer, the influence of the roof weight on the overall effect of the structure can be studied .By changing the material damping ratio, the structural deformation and energy dissipation can be studied.