Studies of Photorefractive Crystals of Double-Doped Ce,Fe:LiNbO3

In this paper, photorefractive crystals of Ce, Fe:LiNbO3 are systematically studied. The crystals have been grown by Czochralski method. The samples with different doping concentrations and oxidation/reduction treatments have been fabricated. Their photorefractive properties were experimentally investigated by using two-beam coupling. The results show that the photorefractive efficiency depends on the dopant concentration, oxidation/reduction treatment, and light wavelength. The doping mechanism is also discussed here.