国产海底地震探测装备技术研发与应用

为研究深部壳幔结构、海底地震活动性和实现地震海啸预警，需要在海底布设海底地震仪开展地震观测。深海海底地震仪因涉及地震传感器、深水水听计、声学换能器与耐压封装等先进国际技术，我国高性能深海海底地震仪长期是空白。对此，中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所通过多年持续核心技术攻关和多次深海试验验证，解决了数字调零宽带地震传感技术、全海深陶瓷压电水听传感技术、软硬协同优化低功耗采集技术和万米高可靠性释放回收技术等关键技术难题，自主成功研发了包括便携式海底地震仪、宽频带海底地震仪与实时海底地震仪等系列海底地震探测装备（统称为IGG-OBS）。实验结果表明：自主研发的IGG-OBS仪器装备达国际先进水平；近年来在多个科考航次中发挥支撑作用，总计投放达1400余台次，综合回收率大于90%；通过在洋中脊、海山、俯冲带等多种复杂海底区的实际观测，数据质量合格率>98%，具备复杂构造成像能力，已进入实质性应用阶段，为我国深海科考、大洋调查及近海灾害预警监测等提供了关键技术支撑。

Overview of the development technology and its application of Chinese Ocean Bottom Seismometer

In order to image deep crust-mantle structure, observe seafloor seismicity, and carry out earthquake and tsunami early warning, it is necessary to deploy ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) for observation. Deep-sea OBS involves advanced international technologies such as seismic sensors, deep-water hydrophones, acoustic transducers, and pressure-resistant packaging. And foreign high-performance deep-sea OBSs are embargoed in China. The Institute of Geology and Geophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has solved the problem of digital zero-setting broadband seismic sensing technology, full-ocean-depth ceramic high-voltage electric hydro-acoustic sensing technology, software and hardware collaborative optimization of low-power acquisition technology, and 10,000-meter high-reliability release and recovery technology, and independently successfully developed a series of OBSs equipment including portable OBS, broadband OBS, and real-time OBS (collectively referred to as the IGG-OBS). The application results show that: the self-developed IGG-OBS instrument and equipment have reached an international advanced level; in recent years, IGG-OBS has continued to support multiple domestic and international scientific expeditions, deploying more than 1,400 stations with a comprehensive recovery rate of greater than 90%; Observations have been made in many complex geoscience areas, such as mid-ocean ridges, seamounts, and subduction zones, and show excellent abilities in complex structures seismic imaging. The IGG-OBS has entered a substantive application stage and will provide stable equipment support for Chinese deep-sea scientific research, ocean surveys, and offshore disaster warning and monitoring.