中华绒螯蟹Eriocheir sinensis两个地理种群的微卫星DNA多态性分析

为了获取中华绒螯蟹群体遗传多态性的基本数据,寻找合适的遗传标记区分不同种类及不同水系的河蟹种群,采用微卫星DNA分型技术,对江苏地区两个地理种群（本地种与荷兰种）的中华绒螯蟹共计140个样本,通过DNA提取、PCR扩增、聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、银染检测的方法,进行了两个微卫星基因座（Esin 67和Esin 87）的遗传多态性分析．结果表明：中华绒螯蟹本地种与荷兰种的两个微卫星基因座均有较好的多态性;在Esin 67基因座中,本地种和荷兰种绒螯蟹均有8个等位基因,两组的最高频率等位基因均为8重复序列;在Esin 87基因座中,本地种绒螯蟹有9个等位基因,荷兰种有7个等位基因,两组的最高频率等位基因均为9重复序列．同时中华绒螯蟹荷兰种这两个基因座的杂合度和多态性信息含量均高于本地种．这些结果提示了江苏本地的绒螯蟹可能受到其它地区河蟹的种质污染,基因多态性下降,因此需要加强对种质资源遗传变异的深入研究,以便采取措施对河蟹资源进行合理的管理、保护和开发利用．

Microsatellite DNA Polymorphism Analysis of Chinese Mitten Crab Eriocheir sinensis from Two Geographic Populations

To obtain the data of genetic polymorphism in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis and find suitable genetic markers to distinguish different varieties of crab,the genetic polymorphism comparison of Chinese mitten crabs from Jiangsu,China and Holland was made.After extracting genomic DNA,allele and genotype frequencies for two microsatellite loci(Esin 67 and Esin 87) were established by using locus-specific prime polymerase chain reactions,followed by electrophoresis of the PCR products in denaturing polyacrylamide gels and subsequent detection by silver staining.Both Esin 67 and Esin 87 loci exhibited a good degree of polymorphism in Chinese mitten crabs from Jiangsu and Holland.In locus Esin 67,Chinese mitten crabs both from Jiangsu and Holland had eight alleles.The highest frequency allele in the two groups was the eightrepeat sequence.In locus Esin 87,Chinese mitten crabs from Jiangsu province had nine alleles.Chinese mitten crabs from Holland had seven alleles.The highest frequency of allele in the two groups was the nine-repeated sequence.The heterozygosities of both loci Esin 67 and Esin 87 of crabs from Holland were higher than those of crabs from Jiangsu.These results indicated that Chinese mitten crabs in Jiangsu might be intermixed by crabs from other geography.It is necessary to protect the Chinese mitten crab germ plasm resource in Jiangsu province.