植物叶表的润湿性能与其表面微观形貌的关系

对疏水植物———稗草、狗尾草、虎尾草以及亲水植物———苘麻和菊芋叶表的扫描电镜(SEM)对比分析发现:植物表面微观形貌的特征对亲水与疏水性能具有重要作用.疏水性植物叶表普遍具有微观颗粒状突起单元,单元直径约为5μm;亲水性植物叶表形貌典型特征是具有分布密度均匀的200~400μm长的针状毛刺,依其刺破水膜导致水滴在叶表迅速铺展而形成亲水效果.

Surface morphological characteristics comparisons of serious plant leaves with hydrophobic or hydrophilic function

It has been found that surface morphology characteristics of plants leaves have the critical effect on their hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity by comparing and analyzing with SEM imagines of hydrophobic plant leaves(Echinochloa hispidula,Setaria viridis,Chloris virgata Swartz) and hydrophilic plant leaves(Helianthus tuberosus L.,Abutilon theophrasti Medic.).For some hydrophobic plants,there have been found many papilla in their microstructures generally,the diameter of the papilla is approximately and the shape of it is close to sphericity,they are the key factors for such plants to exhibit permanent water-repellency.On the other hand,for some hydrophilic plants,slightness burrs with certain density and distributions proportionally in their microstructures make them display hydrophilic characteristics.