竖轴水轮机式潮流能发电装置开发现状与发展趋势

 世界能源日趋紧张，而环境污染不断加剧。潮流能作为清洁无污染的绿色可再生新能源，具有储量大、分布广、可预测性强、环境污染小等特点，开发利用潮流能对缓解能源紧张、降低环境污染具有重要的现实意义。潮流能利用的主要形式是利用潮流能发电装置发电，其原理是：潮流冲击水轮机，将潮流水平流动的动能转换为水轮机的机械能，水轮机经机械传动装置，带动发电机发电，将机械能转换为电能。潮流能发电装置根据水轮机结构形式的不同，分为水平轴式、竖轴式和横轴式。与水平轴水轮机式和横轴水轮机式潮流能发电装置相比，竖轴水轮机式潮流能发电装置具有适应流向性强，适合大规模阵列布置等特点，具有独特的应用优势。本文针对竖轴水轮机式潮流能发电装置，阐述发电装置的开发现状，分析不同结构形式发电装置的特点，指出竖轴水轮机式潮流能发电装置的发展趋势和关键技术，为竖轴潮流能发电装置的理论研究与工程应用提供参考和借鉴。

Developing Status and Development Trend of Vertical Axis Turbine-type Tidal Current Energy Power Generation Device

Energy shortage and environment pollutes aggravate ceaselessly all over the world. As a green clean pollution-free renewable energy, tidal current energy has characteristics such as large reserves, wide distribution, predictability, little environmental pollution, etc. Development and utilization of tidal energy has important practical significance to ease the energy shortage and reduce the pollution of the environment. The main form to utilize tidal energy is to generate power, this paper studies the vertical axis turbine-type tidal current energy power generation device, describes the present development situation of the power generation device which could be divided into three kinds, namely the floating structures, the seabed piled structures and the sit seabed structures, analyzes the characteristic of different structural forms of the power generation device, pointed out the development trend and key technology of the power generation device. This paper will provide reference for theory study and engineering application of the vertical axis turbine-type tidal current energy power generation device.