政府提供住房补贴的福利损失

政府给低收入者提供住房补贴, 是实现社会公平的重要措施之一. 但是这一举措必定会降低资源配置的效率, 造成经济社会的福利损失. 如何衡量和测算由于政府补贴造成的福利损失的大小是个值得关注的问题. 构建了两个模型, 分别探讨了当补贴资金充裕和不充裕时政府住房补贴对社会福利的影响. 结果表明: 在保障性住房市场, 社会福利损失的大小不仅和政府补贴的额有关, 还和政府补贴的方式有关: 政府补贴造成的价格的降幅越大, 则资源 配置的扭曲程度就越高, 福利损失也就越大; 当补贴资金一定时, 补贴的受益面越小, 福利损失就越大; 市场价格越高, 或交易量越大, 补贴造成的福利损失 越大; 市场的需求弹性或供给弹性越大, 补贴造成的福利损失也越大. 但补贴造成的福利损失不是无限的, 它有个极大值.

On the welfare loss of housing allowance provided by government

The government provides housing allowance for low-income group, which is one of the important measures to achieve social fairness. But this way will reduce the efficiency of resource allocation, and make welfare loss for economic society. How to measure the size of welfare losses caused by housing allowance is an issue of concern. Two research models have been established, in which the impact of housing allowance on social welfare have been investigated for sufficient and not sufficient subsidy funds. It is shown that the size of the loss of social welfare depends not only on the amount of housing allowance, but also on the way of housing allowance in the affordable housing market. The more the price decline caused by housing allowance is, the higher resource allocation distorted, greater the welfare losses. The smaller benefits range of allowance is, the greater the welfare losses when the allowance fund is fixed. The higher market price or the larger trading volume is, the greater welfare losses caused by allowance. The greater market demand elasticity or supply elasticity is, the greater welfare losses caused by allowance. However, welfare losses caused by allowance are not infinite, and it has a maximum value.