北斗三号系统互操作实现与性能分析

针对当前国际卫星导航应用从单一GPS时代发展到多GNSS(全球卫星导航系统)时代带来的新趋势和新要求,本文从星座互操作、信号互操作、时间互操作和坐标互操作四个方面开展北斗三号系统与其他GNSS系统间的互操作设计.在星座设计方面,北斗三号的星座轨道高度与倾角设计与GPS,GLONASS和Galileo三大系统的星座充分互补,全球导航卫星PDOP平均可提升37.9%;在信号体制方面,北斗三号通过相同频率相似频谱设计实现与其他系统的互操作,并签署了兼容与互操作协议,可确保用户在不改变硬件设计的情况下同时使用各大系统导航服务;在时间基准与坐标基准方面,北斗三号系统建立与维持了与国际上高度一致的基准体系,实现与国际UTC,GLNT等时差偏差保持在50 ns以内,并与国际ITRF 2014坐标参数精度保持一致.因此,北斗三号系统通过四个方面的努力,实现了与其他GNSS的互操作,可联合美俄等全球卫星导航系统为全球用户提供更优质的服务.

Analysis of the Beidou navigation satellite system:Interoperability and performance

Based on the new trends and requirements introduced by the development of the international navigation satellite systems from the single global positioning system(GPS)era to the multiple global navigation satellite system(GNSS)era,the Beidou-3 navigation satellite system(BDS-3)has been designed to ensure compatibility and interoperability with other GNSS systems based on four features,i.e.,constellation,signal,time,and coordinate.In terms of constellation design,the BDS-3 constellation orbit altitude and inclination design consider the constellation complementary requirements with the GPS,GLONASS,and Galileo systems.Thus,the PDOP of GNSS improves by 37.9%on average.BDS has acquired interoperability with respect to the signal structure;therefore,it is in agreement with other systems using a similar frequency and spectrum.Thus,users can simultaneously use the navigation services of each major system without changing the hardware design.In terms of time and coordinate,BDS has realized a reference system that is considerably consistent with the systems used on an international scale,resulting in a time difference offset of 50 ns with international UTC and GLNT,which is consistent with the international ITRF 2014 coordinate parameter accuracy.Thus,BDS-3 has achieved interoperability with other GNSSs based on the four aforementioned aspects and can provide better service to global users in combination with other GNSSs.