唐君毅论“道德自我”

 唐君毅认为，“道德自我”与“现实自我”属于同一“自我”，是“自我”的两个方面。“现实自我”是现实具体的自我，是受时间、空间限制的自我，是有缺陷的、不完善的自我，易受外在他物限制，是有待被超越的自我。而“道德自我”是内在于人自身的，不受时空限制的自我、精神的自我、主动的自我、具超越性的、形而上的自我，具有辨别善恶、趋善除恶的“道德意识”与“道德理性”。道德生活便是根据“道德自我”的应当意识（合乎“道德理性”的“道德意识”），自觉地自己支配自己去破除“现实自我”的限制，超越自我，创造出真实的自我。这一思想构架显示了唐君毅传统儒家“尽人之性以立天之命”的情怀，突显了人的道德情感与道德理性在社会生活中的作用机制与效力。

Tang Junyi's Elaboration on Moral Self

Tang Junyi,an important philosopher in the 20th century China,believes that moral self and existential self are two sides of Self.While the self being transcended is concrete existential self that is restricted by the space and time and is defective,imperfect,and susceptible to the external factors,the moral self lying within ourselves transcends the limit of our existential self,unconstrained by space or time,spiritual,spontaneous,transcendent and metaphysical with morality and rationality to tell good from bad and stay benevolent away from evil.Moral life means that following the rational moral consciousness,we surpass the limit of existential self to actualize our real self on our own will.This ideological framework shows Tang Junyis traditional Confucian feelings of making the best of human nature to best fulfill the destiny of heaven,and highlights the mechanism and effectiveness of human moral emotion and moral rationality in social life.