融合多种差分干涉测量的矿区地表形变监测

为解决时序短基线集差分干涉测量技术(SmallBaseline Subset-InSAR,SBAS-InSAR)无法准确估计煤矿沉降中心形变值的问题,通过融合合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量(Differential InSAR,D-InSAR)和SBAS-InSAR技术研究了测量矿区地表形变的监测方法。利用25景Sentinel-1数据,根据基于相干性系数的D-InSAR方法和结合永久散射体合成孔径雷达干涉测量(Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,PS-InSAR)的SBAS-InSAR方法分别生成研究区域的形变图,并借助Kriging插值法,将前者方法所得结果填补于后者方法所获形变结果,完善矿区形变中出现的空缺值,从而更为准确地估算矿区地表形变结果。此外,沿着开采面的横纵剖面详细分析典型矿区的形变结果,并绘制地表形变剖面曲线,以此剖析矿区沉降漏斗的演化过程。最后,为了定量说明该方法的可靠性,将矿区形变结果和水准测量数据进行误差对比,并将标准差和均方根差作为矿区形变结果精度的评定指标。结果表明：相干性系数图整体质量较优,研究区域中最大累积沉降量可达176.39mm,年均沉降速率最大可达-103.82 mm/y。通过本文方法得到的形变结果和水准处理数据基本一致,且误差均小于13 cm,监测精度满足煤矿开采相关测量技术要求。

Surface Deformation Monitoring in Mining Area based on Multiple Differential Interferometry

In order to solve the problem that SBAS-InSAR technology cannot accurately estimate the deformation value of coal mine settlement center, Differential InSAR was integrated with synthetic aperture radar. D-Insar and SBAS-InSAR techniques are used to study the monitoring method of surface deformation in mining area. Based on 25-scene Sentinel-1 data, the D-InSAR method based on coherence coefficient and the PS-InSAR are used. The SBAS-InsAR method of PS-InSAR respectively generated deformation maps of the study area. With the help of Kriging interpolation method, the results of the former method were filled in the deformation results of the latter method to improve the vacancy value of deformation in the mining area, so as to estimate the surface deformation results of the mining area more accurately. In addition, the deformation results of typical mining areas are analyzed in detail along the transverse and longitudinal sections of the mining face, and the surface deformation profile curve is drawn to analyze the evolution process of the subsidence funnel in the mining area. Finally, in order to quantitatively illustrate the reliability of this method, the errors of deformation results in mining area and leveling data are compared, and the standard deviation and root mean square difference are taken as the evaluation indexes of deformation accuracy in mining area. The results show that the overall quality of the coherence coefficient diagram is good, the maximum cumulative settlement can reach 176.39mm in the study area, and the maximum annual average settlement rate can reach -103.82 mm/y. The deformation results obtained by the method in this paper are basically consistent with the leveling data, and the errors are all less than 13 cm. The monitoring accuracy meets the technical requirements of coal mining related measurement.