利用寄生性天敌防治青杨脊虎天牛研究

青杨脊虎天牛(Xylotrechus rusticus L.)是中国重大森林蛀干类害虫之一,由于其生活隐蔽、难以防治,对造林绿化和林业工程建设造成严重危害,笔者采用以花绒寄甲室内外寄生青杨脊虎天牛的方式研究其生物防治效果。结果显示:温度对花绒寄甲卵孵化有明显影响,室内投放花绒寄甲卵的方式对青杨脊虎天牛幼虫具有较高的寄生率,以寄主、寄甲的数量比为1:100进行木段模拟投放时,花绒寄甲对青杨脊虎天牛幼虫的寄生率达到86.67%; 在木质部裸露状木段上投放花绒寄甲成虫或卵,对天牛幼虫的平均寄生率分别为81.83%和83.29%。因此,室内释放管氏肿腿蜂对青杨脊虎天牛老龄幼虫和蛹具有较高的寄生率,建议以1:3的比例进行投放。野外防治时选用花绒寄甲卵卡防治法更为便捷,管氏肿腿蜂释放的最佳时期为青杨脊虎天牛的幼虫和蛹期。

Study on the biocontrol of Xylotrechus rusticus L. by parasitic enemies

The asian lonhorned beetle(Xylotrechus rusticus L.)is one of the most important insect pests. It is difficult to prevent and control due to X. rusticus living hidden away and the great losses caused by them on afforestation and forestry engineering construction in China. In this research, biological control was first time to deal with X. rusticus, the results showed the parasitic rate of X. rusticus larvae were 86.67%, by releasing eggs of Dastarcus helophoroides at 1:100(ratio of pest to parasite)in artificial simulated logs condition. The average parasitic rate of X. rusticus larvae were 81.83% and 83.29%, by releasing adults or eggs of D. helophoroides on the bared xylem in logs, respectively. Releasing Scleroderma guani in lab to control old larvae and pupa of X. rusticus could get high parasitic rate. The recommend ratio is 1:3(ratio of pest to wasps)for releasing. In the field, releasing eggs of D. helophoroides were a preferred convenient method. The best time of releasing S. guani was X. rusticus's larvae and pupa stages.