2017年北京地区啮齿类实验动物健康状况的病理学调查和分析

摘要：目的 2017年5月本实验室对北京地区16家实验动物单位的啮齿类实验动物的健康状况进行病理学调查。方法 采集啮齿类实验动物的心、肝、脾、肺、肾、大肠和小肠经甲醛钙液固定，通过HE染色、油红O 染色和PAS 染色等方法对啮齿类实验动物的健康状况进行评估。结果 绝大多数啮齿类实验动物为健康状态，没有发现明显的病理学损伤。但也有部分动物出现轻微病变，出现的病变主要有肝脏脂肪变性、肝脏局灶性坏死、脾脏陈旧性出血，小肠嗜酸性粒细胞增多和轻度肺脏病变。结论 本次调查结果表明北京地区啮齿类实验动物基本为健康状态，少数动物出现组织病理学变化可能与饲养环境、饲料和饮水质量以及采样运输的应激有关，通过加强实验动物的饲养管理可使其健康状况得到改善。

Pathological Investigation and Analysis on Health Status of BeijingLaboratory Rodents in May 2017

Abstract: Objective In May 2017, National Animal Spongiform Encephalopathy Laboratory has taken samples from 16 units to investigate the health status of Beijing laboratory rodents．Method They collected the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, large intestine and small intestine, and put these organs into 10% Calcium formaldehyde solution for fixation, and then evaluated the rodent experimental animal health by HE staining, oil red O staining and PAS staining method . Result The most of the laboratory rodents remained in good health condition and no obvious pathological damage, but there are also individual animals appear mild lesions mainly include fatty degeneration and focal necrosis of liver, stale hemorrhage of spleen, hyper eosinophilia and mild lung lesions. Conclusion The vast majority of laboratory rodents were pathologically diagnosed as healthy animals. A few animals showed histopathological changes may be associated with feedstuff, feeding environment and transportation stress, and may be improved by strengthening the feeding management.