粮草兼用型饲草“华牧一号”的选育研究

普通小麦(Triticum aestivum)与天蓝偃麦草(Agropyron glaucum)远缘杂交获得具有高度不育的多年生杂种子一代。通过与普通小麦进行回交并连续七年的不断选育,获得恢复育性的粮草兼用型一年生(越年生)饲草新品系——“华牧一号”。“华牧一号”结实率最高可达90％以上,它具有出苗早,齐苗快,分蘖和再生能力强、生长迅速,鲜草产量高、草、籽质量均好,抗逆性强,奶牛、淡水鱼适口性好,并能耐盐以及一年刈割数次等优点,特别能够解决冬春月份青绿饲料紧缺鲜草供应不足的问题,是既能作为青绿饲料又能获得可作精料的种子,是较为理想的粮草兼用型牧草。

Successful Breeding of a Forage Crop Huamu 1 Utilized Concurrently as Grain and Fodder

The perennial sterile hybrid F_1 forage was obtained by the distant hybrid-ization of Triticum aesticum with Agropyron glaucum. On the basis of it, a newannual variety "Huamu 1" with fertile recovery was breeded by the backcross ofthe hybrid F_1 with wheat and successive selection of 7 years. This variety withmore than 90% of fertility rate has the following characteristics: seedling comingout earlier and uniforming rapidly; stranger tillering and regeneration capacity;growing fast; high yeild of fresh weight; good quality of shoot and seed; strongstress resistance (sueh as the tolerence of salt erc); being well agreeable be thetaste for cowa and fish; and harvesting several times within a year which wellsettles the problem that in Winter and Spring the grassfodders are short.Therefore, it is an ideal forage crop utilized both as greenforage of the shoots andconcentrated feed of the seeds.