利用探空资料对对流层-平流层热力结构的分析

利用16个探空站近6年的高分辨率探空资料,采用经验正交函数和数值积分等方法,分析了对流层、对流层顶和平流层下层的温度层结特征,主要得出以下结论:①对流层顶温度年变幅最小,对流层上层和平流层下层(包括对流层顶)与对流层中低层具有相反的温度变化趋势.②不同地区对流层顶高度表现为随纬度升高而降低的规律,平均每升高1°对流层顶高度下降44 m,同纬度高原地区对流层顶高度高于平原地区.③各站对流层平均温度总体表现为单峰型结构,与地面温度的季节变化特征相同,只是年较差小于地面.④对流层顶高度与对流层平均温度具有显著的正相关关系,对流层增温时对流层顶高度升高,对流层顶高度主要取决于对流层热力状况.

An analysis on troposphere and stratosphere thermal structure by radiosonde data

Having adopted the high resolution radiosonde data from 16 radiosonde stations in the last six years,this paper has studied temperature distribution in troposphere and stratosphere by means of EOF and numerical integration.The results show that:①tropopause has the least amplitude of variation in temperature,and upper troposphere and lower stratosphere undergo opposite change with mid-low troposphere.②Height latitude corresponds to low tropopause and plateau section higher than flat area in height of tropopause.③Average temperature in troposphere presents unimodal structure,and has the same characteristic with ground layer.④The height of tropopause has positive correlation with average temperature of troposphere,which depends on the thermal structure of troposphere.