对心灵因果性的辩护——论过决定的区分

金在权的排斥论证为非还原的物理主义带来严重的危机,该论证通过说明非还原物理主义所接受的五个前提之间的不自洽,从理论层面否定了不可还原的心灵因果性。面对金在权的质疑,很多学者尝试从前提之一——非过决定论入手,试图解决危机。然而,笔者认为他们的尝试没有从根本上解决过决定状况所带来的困难。在本文中,笔者试图对过决定状况的定义做出进一步的澄清,从而对过决定定义中的关键概念进行区分。以此说明非过决定论这一前提的合理性有待考量,金在权的排斥论证的有效性也有待商榷。

A Defence for the Mental Causation:A Distinction of the Overdetermination

Jaegwon Kim’s Exclusion Argument challenges Non-reductive Physicalism by proving that the five presumptions,accepted by Non-reductive Physicalism,are incompatible.This argument theoretically denies the possibility of non-reductive mental causation.Confronting the challenge from Kim,many scholars manage to solve the problem by dissolving one of the presumptions non-overdetermination.However,I think that their attempts cannot thoroughly remove the difficulties brought by the situation of overdetermination.In this paper,I will clarify the notion of overdetermination and distinguish two eanings of the key concept of cause.After that,I will argue that the validity of the non-overdetermination need to be discussed,therefore,the validity of Kim’s Exclusion Argument remains open to question.