院试验站土壤性质的研究

对院试验站土壤采用田间分布取点,取样分析,土壤剖面观察,经分析耕层土壤质地为重壤,水稳性团粒结构少,土壤空隙中毛管孔隙小,土壤容重较大,土壤养分中除金钾和速钾比较丰富外,全氮、水解氮、全磷速效磷均为中下等土壤含盐量低,土壤PH为微碱性,土壤层次0—22cm为重壤,22—56cm为轻壤,56—100cm为棕红色紧实层次。土壤通透性差,影响灌水质量及土壤养分转化。提出客土改良土壤质地,增施有机肥料,种植绿肥,合理施用化肥,平整土地,适当深耕,精耕轮作等改土培肥的农业措施,为教学科研生产提供科学数据。

Study on Soil Characterstics in departmental field station

Soil texture of departmental field station was studied through sampling, sample analyzing, and observing the soil transect.The Cultivate surface soil was found to belong to heavy clay soil and the lack of hydraulic stable granular structure was observed. And it was exhibited that the soil possessed very tiny micrcropore. The results also showed that the unit weight of the soil tended to great, and that although the full and quick-acting potassiums were richer, the full and hydrolytic N, full and quick-acting P Presented relatively leas. It was found that the salt content was low, and that the PH value of the soil exhibited slightly alk-alinity. The soil characteristics were classified as follows: 0-22 cm heavy soil 22-56 cm light soil 59-100 cm compaction soil These resit in poor soil permeability, and affect irrigation effect and soil nutrient transformation. In order to improve the soil for agricultural production, a series of agricultural practices of soil improvement and nutrient increment are recommended as follows: improving soil texture with foreign soil; applyinsg more manure; planting green manure crop; applying chemical fertilizer properly; levelling land; deep ploughing and careful cultivating.