世界的二重建构及其消解——从柏拉图看东西方哲学本体论建构之差异

哲学形而上学由现象世界的考察而导向关于存在之终极实在性的思考.所谓现象的"真实性"问题实质上原于事物存在与时间关系的追索.事物总是在时间中呈现出流变性,因而流变性本身便被视为存在的现象,由此而导向关于永恒不变的实在性或真理本身的思考.对柏拉图哲学关于世界的二重区分及其消解的模式进行了较为深入的考察,并以此为基点而论述了中国哲学形而上学之建构的特点.以"道"为元概念的中国哲学形而上学,在建构上不存在二重世界的区分与对立;中西关于"永恒"概念的理解存在着重大差异.关于这种差异的形成及其对中西民众之文化与生活理念的影响,亦作了简要考察.

Construction and Deconstruction of the Duality of the World--the Ontological Differences in Chinese and Western Philosophies:from the Perspective of Plato

Philosophically, metaphysics leads to the Ultimate Reality based on the observation of the phenomena of the world. The problem of reality of the world arises from the consideration of the relation between the existence of things in the world and time. Things always change themselves in the stream of time, thus it is easy to conclude that the present existence of any thing is nothing more than a phenomenon of some Ultimate Reality or Truth, which should not be changed at all. This article, based on an observation of Plato's metaphysics, articulates that the construction and deconstruction of duality of the world presented as characteristics of the Western philosophy in general. On the contrary, Chinese philosophy does not possess such a construction of duality. There exists an important difference in the concept of permanence between Chinese and the Western people. The article also gives a brief explanation to the formation of the difference and its impact on Chinese and Western cultural and life ideas respectively.