图式理论对第二语言阅读的指导作用

图式理论研究发现,第二语言阅读受到三种图式类型的影响,即内容图式、外形图式和语言图式.内容图式指读者的文化背景和认识世界的知识层次;外形图式常常被认为是语篇图式,包括语篇的组织形式和修辞结构,其知识涉及到不同的语篇类型和风格,也涉及到如何理解不同语言的语篇类型以及其中对不同语篇组织、语言结构、词汇、语法的不同处理方法;语言图式包括认识词语及其在句子中组合方式所需要的解码特征.通过阐述三种图式类型,论证了图式理论对第二语言阅读的指导作用.

Guidance of the Schema Theory in Second Language Reading

Research on the theory of schema has found out that second language reading can be influenced by three types of schemata:content schema,formal schema and linguistic schema.Content schema refers to a reader's cultural background or the level of world knowledge.Formal schema,often known as textual schema,refers to the organizational forms and rhetorical structures of written texts.It can include knowledge of different text types and genres, and also include the understanding of the different ways in which different types of texts in different languages deal with the different text organizations,language structures,vocabulary and grammar.Linguistic or language schema includes the decoding features needed to recognize words and how they fit together in a sentence.By discussing the three elements of the schema theory,this paper demonstrates the guidance of the schema theory in second language reading.